Council Resolution No. 10 of 2026

Sec. 9.1001. This act may be cited as the "Criminal Code".

Sec. 9.1002. (1) "Crime" means an act or omission that violates any law prohibiting that action or omission which is punishable, upon conviction, under a provision of this act.

(2) An act or omission designated as a crime under this act or another law must contain the following elements:

(a) Actus reus, or the act of the crime itself.

(b) Mens rea, or the individual's mental state at the time of the act of the crime.

(c) Causation connecting the act of the crime and the effect or impact thereof.

(3) A crime is either of the following:

(a) A felony.

(b) A misdemeanor.

(4) "Felony" means a crime for which the offender, upon conviction, may be punished by one or more of the following:

(a) Imprisonment.

(b) A fine of not less than ₣20,000.00.

(c) Removal from office.

(d) Disqualification to hold an office of the state.

(e) Revocation of citizenship or immigration status.

(5) "Misdemeanor" means a crime that is not otherwise a felony for which the offender, upon conviction, may be punished by one or more of the following:

(a) A fine of not less than ₣10,000.00 and not more than ₣19,999.99.

(b) Removal from office.

(c) Suspension of citizenship or immigration status.

(d) Any other penalty or forfeiture prescribed by law.

(6) "Civil infraction" means a crime that is not otherwise a felony or misdemeanor for which the offender, upon conviction, may be punished by one of more of the following:

(a) A fine of not more than ₣9,999.99.

(b) Any other penalty or forfeiture prescribed by law.

Sec. 9.1003. (1) A criminal charge brought under this act must include the particular section alleged to be violated.

(2) Unless otherwise specified in this act or another law, the state shall initiate prosecutorial action, including the filing of criminal charges, as follows:

(a) For felonies, not more than 2 years after the date on which the alleged crime occurred.

(b) For misdemeanors, not more than 1 year after the date on which the alleged crime occurred.

(c) For civil infractions, not more than 180 days after the date on which the alleged crime occurred.

Sec. 9.1004. (1) A person lawfully detained by the state and charged with committing any of the crimes described in this act or another law shall be afforded a trial before 1 randomly selected member of the Crown Council of Appeal or any other judicial entity provided for by law. A person described under this subsection shall be convicted of a charged crime only upon the demonstration of guilt beyond a reasonable doubt, as determined by an appropriate trier of fact.

(2) A person lawfully convicted of a crime under this act or another law shall be entitled to not less than 1 appeal before a randomly selected panel of 3 members of the Crown Council of Appeal, which shall not include the original trier of fact described in subsection (1), or any other judicial entity provided for by law. In an appeal initiated under this subsection, the petitioner may do any of the following:

(a) Present new evidence.

(b) Raise questions of law, procedure, or due process.

(c) Assert another error on the part of the entity described in subsection (1) that is not otherwise barred under this act or another law and that may warrant the vacatur or overruling of a previous order or decision related to a conviction of a crime.

CHAPTER 1 — VIOLENT CRIMES

Sec. 9.1101. "Arson" means the willful, malicious, or negligent burning or attempt to burn, in part or in full, a dwelling, public building, motor vehicle, vessel, aircraft, or the personal property of another person.

Sec. 9.1102. "Assault" means the attack by one person upon another person using means that result in or are reasonably likely to result in death or serious bodily harm.

Sec. 9.1103. (1) "Child abuse" means the act or failure to act by a parent, guardian, or caretaker that results in or is reasonably likely to result in death, serious bodily or mental harm, or sexual abuse or exploitation of a person less than 18 years of age.

(2) "Child neglect" means the act or failure to act by a parent, guardian, or caretaker, that does not otherwise constitute child abuse, that results in or is reasonably likely to result in bodily or mental harm to a person less than 18 years of age.

Sec. 9.1104. "Domestic abuse" means an act or recent act by a current or former cohabitant, spouse, or dating, romantic, or sexual partner against a person similarly situated or a child thereof that results in or is reasonably likely to result in death, serious bodily or mental harm, or sexual abuse or exploitation.

Sec. 9.1105. "Kidnapping" means the taking, carrying away, or restraint of a person by force or fraud, or the seizure and detention of a person against that person's will.

Sec. 9.1106. "Manslaughter" means the act of killing another person that does not otherwise constitute murder. A charge of manslaughter brought under this section must be assigned to one of the following categories:

(a) "Involuntary manslaughter" means the act of unintentionally killing another person without malice afterthought that results from negligence, recklessness, or during the commission of a lesser crime that does not itself include the killing of another person.

(b) "Voluntary manslaughter" means the act of intentionally killing another person without malice afterthought in response to sufficient provocation or an unreasonable belief that deadly force was necessary for the purposes of self-defense or the defense of another person.

Sec. 9.1107. "Murder" means the act of killing another person that does not otherwise constitute manslaughter. A charge of murder brought under this section must be assigned to one of the following categories:

(a) "First degree murder" means the act of intentionally killing another person with premeditation and malice afterthought.

(b) "Second degree murder" means the act of intentionally killing another person, without premeditation but with reckless disregard for human life, and with malice afterthought.

Sec. 9.1108. "Negligence" means the act or failure to act with understanding and conscious or wanton disregard of a substantial risk of harm to another person.

Sec. 9.1109. "Rape" means the act of penetration of any bodily orifice with any body part or object without the consent of the victim.

Sec. 9.1110. "Robbery" means the act of taking any property, item, or effect of value from a person by force, the threat of force, or by the use of fear.

Sec. 9.1111. "Sexual assault" means the act of sexually touching another person with any body part or object without the consent of the victim that does not otherwise constitute rape.

Sec. 9.1198. All of the following apply to crimes under this chapter:

(a) The brandishing, threat of use, or actual use of a weapon shall aggravate a charge for any of the following:

(i) Arson.

(ii) Assault.

(iii) Kidnapping.

(iv) Murder.

(v) Rape.

(vi) Robbery.

(vii) Sexual assault.

(b) Any of the following shall aggravate a charge for kidnapping:

(i) Any action or actions undertaken with the intent of preventing a victim from engaging in actions that may result in enforcement against a kidnapper.

(ii) Any action or actions undertaken with the intent of extorting persons related to the victim.

(iii) Any action or actions undertaken with the intent of engaging in terrorism.

CHAPTER 2 — PROPERTY CRIMES

Sec. 9.1201. "Burglary" means the act of unlawfully entering a home, building, or other area without permission of the owner and with intent to commit one or more other crimes.

Sec. 9.1202. (1) "Counterfeiting" means the act of unlawfully copying, imitating, or manufacturing an item without authorization by the owner of the design or other rights thereof and passing along the copy, imitation, or faux manufacture as the genuine or original item.

(2) "Monetary counterfeiting" means the act of unlawfully copying, imitating, or manufacturing the physical or electronic currency of the state, a micronational entity, or a macronational entity without authorization by the state, micronational entity, or macronational entity and passing along the copy, imitation, or faux manufacture as the genuine or original physical or electronic currency.

Sec. 9.1203. "Embezzlement" means the act of deceitfully secreting assets or property by one or more persons who, irrespective of ownership thereof, has or have been entrusted with the assets or property.

Sec. 9.1204. "Extortion" means the act of obtaining a benefit of any form via unlawful force or coercion, or the threat of use of unlawful force or coercion to the same effect.

Sec. 9.1205. "Forgery" means the act of falsely creating or altering a written or electronic instrument or document with the intent to defraud another person or legal entity.

Sec. 9.1206. "Fraud" means the act of intentionally deceiving another person, persons, or other entity with the intent of securing unfair or unlawful benefits, or to deprive a person, persons, or other entity of legal rights.

Sec. 9.1207. "Larceny" means the act of unlawfully taking or thieving the personal property of another person, persons, or other entity with the intent to deprive the rightful owner of its possession.

Sec. 9.1208. "Smuggling" means the act of unlawfully transporting objects, goods, substances, information, or people within or across the borders of the State in contravention of applicable law.

Sec. 9.1209. "Vandalism" means the act of deliberate destruction, defacement, or damage of public or private property.

Sec. 9.1298. The brandishing, threat of use, or actual use of a weapon shall aggravate a charge for any of the following:

(a) Burglary.

(b) Extortion.

(c) Larceny.

CHAPTER 3 — INCHOATE CRIMES

Sec. 9.1301. "Accessory" means any action or actions take by a person that, whether in part or in full, have the effect or intended effect of aiding, abetting, or contributing to the commission or concealment of a crime.

Sec. 9.1302. "Attempt" means the failure of a person to fully complete a crime despite mens rea to that effect, as determined by an appropriate trier of fact.

Sec. 9.1303. "Conspiracy" means an agreement between two or more persons to commit a crime, together with mens rea to that effect, whether implicit or explicit, as determined by an appropriate trier of fact.

Sec. 9.1304. "Incitement" means any action or actions taken by a person that, whether in part or in full, have the effect or intended effect of encouraging or inducing another person to commit a crime without the provision of money or other assets.

Sec. 9.1305. "Solicitation" means any action or actions taken by a person that, whether in part or in full, have the effect or intended effect of encouraging or inducing another person to commit a crime by the provision of money or other assets.

CHAPTER 4 — CRIMES AGAINST THE STATE

Sec. 9.1401. "Espionage" means any action or actions taken by a person that involve spying on or gathering classified or otherwise secret materials from the government with the intent of transferring those materials to another organization or state, but without the intent of transferring those materials to an organization or state designated by the government as an enemy.

Sec. 9.1402. "Lèse-majesté" means any action or actions taken by a person that involve or imply insulting, threatening, libeling, offending, or otherwise defaming the character, person, or authority of The Sovereign, the consort, the regent, the heir apparent or heir presumptive to The Throne, or the consort to the heir apparent or heir presumptive to The Throne.

Sec. 9.1403. "Sedition" means any action or actions taken by a person that involve the overt incitement of discontent among other persons or the public towards, or insurrection against, any entity of the state, the government, or the general social, economic, or political order.

Sec. 9.1404. "Subversion" means any action or actions taken by a person that involve the covert incitement of discontent among other persons or the public towards, or insurrection against, any entity of the state, the government, or the general social, economic, or political order.

Sec. 9.1405. "Terrorism" means any action or actions taken by a person that involve the use of force or violence against persons or property to threaten, intimidate, or coerce the government or population with the intent of advancing political, social, or economic objectives.

Sec. 9.1406. "Treason" means any action or actions taken by a person that involve spying on or gathering classified or otherwise secret materials from the government with the intent of transferring those materials to an organization or state designated by the government as an enemy.